GPS Trends in Precise Terrestrial, Airborne, and Spaceborne Applications

These proceedings include most of the papers presented at the lAG Sympo sium GPS Trends in Precise Terrestrial, Airborne, and Spacebome Appli cations held in July 1995 during the XXI-th IUGG General Assembly in Boulder, Colorado. The symposium was jointly organized by the lAG and the International Union of Surveys and Mapping (IUSM). The symposium was divided into four sessions, namely (1) The International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS) and other Permanent Networks, (2) Spaceborne Applications of the GPS, (3) Kinematic Applications of the GPS, and (4) The GPS and its Relations to Geophysics. The main purpose was to give an overview of the state of the art in 1995 of the applications of the GPS to geodynamics, geodesy, surveying, and navi gation. The call for papers generated a flood of originally more than 70 abstracts; quite a few could be redirected to other symposia, but still 56 papers found their way into these proceedings. We thus conclude that the volume gives a rather complete overview of GPS Trends in Precise Terrestrial, Airborne, and Spacebome Applications in the year 1995.

Inhaltsangabe1 The International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS) and other Permanent Networks.- The International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS): The Story.- IGS Combination of Precise GPS Satellite Ephemerides and Clocks.- Global GPS Data Flow from Station to User within the IGS.- Global Plate Kinematics Estimated by GPS Data of the IGS Core Network.- The Impact of IGS on the Analysis of Regional GPS-Networks.- Variation in EOP and Station Coordinate Solutions from the Canadian Active Control System (CACS).- Common Experiment of the Analysis Centre CODE and the Institute of Geodesy and Geodetic Astronomy of Warsaw University of Technology (IGGA WUT) on the Combination of Regional and Global Solutions.- Using GPS to Determine Earth Orientation.- The Permanent GPS Station at the University of Padova.- Analysis of Continuous GPS Observations for Geodynamics Purposes.- The Western Canada Deformation Array: An Update on GPS Solutions and Error Analysis.- The DGPS Service for the FRG: Concept and Status.- Status of the Brazilian Network for Continuous Monitoring of GPS (RBMC).- Weekly-Arc Approach to Improve the Resolution of the Long-Term Crustal Movements in Japanese GPS Fixed-Point Network.- Unification of Regional Vertical Datums Using GPS.- GPS Derived Displacements in the Azores Triple Junction Region.- Application of GPS Kinematic Method for Detection of Crustal Movements with High Temporal Resolution.- 2 Spaceborne Applications of the GPS.- Spaceborne GPS for Earth Science.- TOPEX/Poseidon Precision Orbit Determination with SLR and GPS Anti-Spoofing Data.- TOPEX/Poseidon Precision Orbit Determination Using Combined GPS, SLR and DORIS.- Observations of TOPEX/POSEIDON Orbit Errors Due to Gravitational and Tidal Modeling Errors Using the Global Positioning System.- Preliminary Results from the GPS/MET Atmospheric Remote Sensing Experiment.- Initial Results of GPS-LEO Occultation Measurements of Earth's Atmosphere obtained with the GPS-MET Experiment.- The Laser Retroreflector Experiment on GPS-35 and 36.- 3 Kinematic Applications of the GPS.- Kinematic GPS Trends - Equipment, Methodologies and Applications.- Kinematic and Rapid Static (KARS) GPS Positioning: Techniques and Recent Experiences.- Developments in Airborne 'High Precision' Digital Photo Flight Navigation in 'Realtime'.- High Precision Deformation Monitoring Using Differential GPS.- Multi-Sensor Arrays for Mapping from Moving Vehicles.- Testing of Epoch-by-Epoch Attitude Determination and Ambiguity Resolution in Airborne Mode.- Experiences in DGPS/DGLONASS Combination.- Precise DGPS Positioning in Marine and Airborne Applications.- Developments in Real-Time Precise DGPS Applications: Concepts and Status.- A Kinematic GPS Survey at the Northern Part of Kagoshima Bay, Japan.- GPS Kinematic Real-Time Applications in Rivers and Train.- Testing High-Accuracy, Long-Range Carrier Phase DGPS in Australasia.- 4 The GPS and its Relations to Geophysics.- Using the Global Positioning System to Study the Atmosphere of the Earth: Overview and Prospects.- On Atmospheric Effects on GPS Surveying.- About the Use of GPS Measurements for Ionospheric Studies.- Assessement of two Methods to Provide Ionospheric Range Error Corrections for Single-Frequency GPS Users.- Deriving Ionospheric TEC from GPS Observations.- Mitigation of Tropospheric Effects in Local and Regional GPS Networks.- GPS as a Location Tool for Electromagnetic Surveys.- 5 Theory and Methodology.- Size and Shape of L1/L2 Ambiguity Search Space.- Integer Ambiguity Estimation with the Lambda Method.- The Impact of Ambiguity Resolution on GPS Orbit Determination and on Global Geodynamics Studies.- On-The-Fly Ambiguity Resolution for Long Range GPS Kinematic Positioning.- GPS Phases: Single Epoch Ambiguity and Slip Resolution.- Direct Ambiguity Resolution Using Integer Nonlinear Programming Methods.- Alternative Forms of GPS Adjustment Models with Kalman Gain Matrices.- Status of the GEOSAT Software after Ten Years of Development an